Attention deficit disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.

Inattention means a person wanders off task, lacks persistence, has difficulty sustaining focus, and is disorganized.
Hyperactivity means a person seems to move about constantly, including in situations in which it is not appropriate; or excessively fidgets, taps, or talks.
Impulsivity means a person makes hasty actions that occur in the moment without first thinking about them and that may have high potential for harm; or a desire for immediate rewards or inability to delay gratification.

Symptoms of Inattention

Overlook or miss details, make careless mistakes

Have problems sustaining attention in tasks or play

Not seem to listen when spoken to directly

Not follow through on instructions and fail to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace or start tasks but quickly lose focus and get easily sidetracked

Avoid or dislike tasks that require sustained mental effort

Lose things necessary for tasks or activities

Be easily distracted by unrelated thoughts or stimuli

Be forgetful in daily activities

Symptoms of Hyperactivity-Impulsivity

Fidget and squirm in their seats

Leave their seats in situations when staying seated is expected

Run or dash around or climb in situations where it is inappropriate or often feel restless

Be unable to play or engage in hobbies quietly

Be constantly in motion or “on the go,” or act as if “driven by a motor”

Talk nonstop

Blurt out an answer before a question has been completed, finish other people’s sentences, or speak without waiting for a turn in conversation

Have trouble waiting his or her turn

Interrupt or intrude on others, for example in conversations, games, or activities

Treatment

Diagnosis of ADHD requires a comprehensive evaluation. While there is no cure for ADHD, currently available treatments can help reduce symptoms and improve functioning. Treatments include medication, psychotherapy, education or training, or a combination of treatments.